abstract：:The mortality and physiological status (body water content) of Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) and Gammarus pulex (Amphipoda) were measured after 25 days exposure in 20 natural streams with a pH range of 4.3-7.5 and a colour range of 8-280 mg Pt L-1. In addition, the effects of keeping the animals as single species or tog...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hargeby A

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three types of experiments indicate that the functional organization of the mountain birch may influence the ways in which the tree responds to simulated or natural herbivory. The first experiment showed that herbivory to both short and long shoot leaves affects plant development but, because growth largely proceeds b...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Haukioja E,Ruohomäki K,Senn J,Suomela J,Walls M

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are three major components to plant structure relevant to searching parasitoids: 1) plant size or surface area, 2) the variation among plant parts (structural heterogeneity), such as seed heads, flowers and nectaries, and heterogeneous surfaces (e.g. glabrous, hirsute), and 3) the connectivity of parts or plant ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Andow DA,Prokrym DR

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants of the cerrado tree species Qualea grandiflora and the annual herb Bidens gardneri were grown from seed in controlled environment rooms at 30/20° C and 12 hour photoperiod. Seedlings were grown in pots or small tubes containing sand and provided with various amounts of mineral solutions based on the formulation...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Felippe GM,Dale JE

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyze gut architectures of 42 species of marine polychaetes in terms of their anatomically distinct compartments, and quantify differences among guts in terms of ratios of body volume to gut volume, relative compartmental volumes, total gut aspect ratios and compartmental aspect ratios. We use multivariate techni...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Penry DL,Jumars PA

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty-four species of marine macroalgae from around St. Andrews, Scotland, have been assayed for their external activity and thirty-three species for their total activity of carbonic anhydrase. Activity was detected in all the Rhodophyta tested apart from Chondrus crispus, but was absent in Codium fragile, Enteromorp...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Giordano M,Maberly SC

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ants were collected with sets of pitfall traps in four coniferous-forest habitats in southern Finland. A three-level competition hierarchy concept was used to generate predictions on ant community structure. The levels of the hierarchy, and the respective predictions, from top to bottom were: (1) The dominant territor...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Savolainen R,Vepsäläinen K,Wuorenrinne H

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tests of density dependent regulation of population size depend on the concept of equilibrium population size. Such an equilibrium is a purely theoretical construct whose existence in the field is debatable and whose value cannot be measured. An equilibrium is supposed to fluctuate in time, but the extent of the fluct...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wolda H

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen temperate, submerged macrophytes were cultivated in the laboratory at high DIC levels (3.3-3.8 mM), 10.4-14.4 mol photons (PAR) m-2 d-1 and 15°C. Photosynthesis at photosaturation ranged between 0.59 and 17.98 mg O2 g-1 DW h-1 at ambient pH (8.3) and were markedly higher between 1.76 and 47.11 mg O2 g-1 DW h-...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nielsen SL,Sand-Jensen K

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prey-selection behaviour of the phytoseiid mite Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten was analysed with a Markovtype model of feeding-state dynamics and feeding-state dependent searching behaviour (Sabelis 1981, 1986, 1989; Metz and Van Batenburg 1985a, b). All behavioural characteristics of the predator which are independent of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Dicke M,Sabelis MW,van den Berg H

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The apparent energy of activation (E a), Michaelis-Menten constant (K mfor oxaloacetate), V max/K mratios and specific activities of NADP+-malate dehydrogenase (NADP+-MDH; EC 1.1.1.82) were analyzed in plants of Barnyard grass from Québec (QUE) and Mississippi (MISS) acclimated to two thermoperiods 28/22°C, 21/15°C, a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Simon JP,Potvin C,Strain BR

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The parasitoids known to attack 191 phytophagous species of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) were used to examine factors influencing parasitoid assemblage size. The number of parasitoid species a midge species supports was tested against nine variables describing geographical, biological and ecological attributes of hosts...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hawkins BA,Gagné RJ

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We document activity field temperatures, daily activity patterns, and extent of thermoregulation in four species of Liolaemus lizards inhabiting at high altitude (above 3500 m) in the Andes of northern Chile. These four species have similar activity field temperature (Tb near 29°C) despite their being distributed at d...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Marquet PA,Ortíz JC,Bozinovié F,Jaksié FM

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I increased the availability of tadpole-rearing sites (bromeliads) and oviposition sites (leaf litter) and examined the effects on space-use patterns in adult Dendrobates pumilio at the La Selva Biological Reserve in northeastern Costa Rica. I made 4158 observations of 986 marked adults during the seven-month study pe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Donnelly MA

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Root proliferation in nutrient-rich soil patches is an important mechanism facilitating nutrient capture by plants. Although the phenomenon of root proliferation is well documented, the specific timing of this proliferation has not been investigated. We studied the timing and degree of root proliferation for three per...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Jackson RB,Caldwell MM

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optimal foraging theory is based on the assumption that at least some aspects of foraging behavior are genetically determined (Pyke et al. 1977; Kamil and Sargent 1980; Pyke 1984). Nonetheless, very few studies have examined the role of genetics in foraging behavior. Here, we report on geographical differences in the ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hedrick AV,Riechert SE

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gas exchange characteristics under steadystate and transient light conditions were determined for a redwood forest understory herb Adenocaulon bicolor, that depends on use of sunflecks for a large fraction of its daily carbon gain. Measurements under steady-state conditions indicated that this species has photosyn...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pfitsch WA,Pearcy RW

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data are presented on the influence of Athous subfuscus larvae (Coleoptera, Elateridae) on the microbial carbon cycle in the biotically most active horizons of three contrasting beech forest soils: the Ah horizon of a mull soil on limestone (Göttinger Wald, FRG), the F/H horizon of a moder soil on new red sandstone (S...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wolters V

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study uses short-term assays and long-term transplant experiments to document the potential importance of fish predation and herbivory to the distribution and abundance of reef-building corals in a Caribbean back-reef system. Experimental manipulations of fish access reveal that the zonal patterns of the two reef...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Littler MM,Taylor PR,Littler DS

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During five consecutive growing seasons (winters) ca. 110 plants of the desert geophyte Bellevalia desertorum were marked individually in a 25 m2 plot on a south-facing slope in the central Negev Desert of Israel. The number of rosette leaves of each plant was recorded, as well as whether it flowered and produced seed...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Boeken B

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analyses of carbon-assimilation patterns in response to intercellular CO2 concentrations, and the photosynthetic water-and nitrogen-use efficiencies, were conducted for a C3, a C4, and three C3-C4 species in the genus Flaveria in order to determine some of the advantages and disadvantages of C3-C4 intermediate photosy...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Monson RK

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adults of the leaf beetle Plagiodera versicolora Laich, avoided previously injured shoots of Salix alba 'Tristis' in favor of nearby uninjured ones. The response was rapid and persisted for five days of study. During brief periods of observation, the vast majority of beetles engaged in behaviors other than locomotion ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Raupp MJ,Sadof CS

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two annual species of Bromus, an invader (B. hordeaceus, ex B. mollis) and a non-invader (B. intermedius), were grown for 28 days in growth chambers, at 5 and 100 μM NO 3- in flowing nutrient solution. No differences between the two species were observed at either NO 3- level, in terms of relative growth rate (RGR) or...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Garnier E,Koch GW,Roy J,Mooney HA

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prescribed burning is a major control over element cycles in Tallgrass prairie (Eastern Kansas, USA). In this paper we report potential effects of fire on nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Fire resulted in additions of available P in ash, which may stimulate nitrogen fixation by terrestrial cyanobacteria. Cyanobacterial...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Eisele KA,Schimel DS,Kapustka LA,Parton WJ

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some factors influencing the species richness of West African fish communities were studied in a sample of 26 rivers using four habitat and hydrologic variables. Analysis of a larger sample of 39 rivers showed that species richness was positively related to area. A power function with an exponent of 0.32 gave the best...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hugueny B

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CO2 exchange characteristics and the activity of the carboxylating enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP-C, E.C. 4.1.1.31) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBP-C, E.C. 4.1.1.39) during one year in the greenhouse and at two levels of light and temperature in growth chambers were determined in the C3-C...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fladung M,Hesselbach J

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments are described which test the hypothesis that more host-specific species of caterpillars should be less aceptable to a generalist predator than polyphagous species. Caterpillars of all species were tested in paired choice tests with the Argentine ant, Iridomyrmex humilis. Experiments were replicated ten tim...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bernays EA,Cornelius ML

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates the demography and interspecific interactions of 6 Heterohyrax brucei and 4 Procavia johnstoni populations, which inhabited 6 kopjes (rock outcrops) in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania over a period of 17 years. On three kopjes (H1, O2 and PH2) both species lived sympatrically, while on th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hoeck HN

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that generally higher levels of herbivory on bittercress in sun vs in shade, especially by leaf miners, were related to the earlier phenological development of plants in the sun. Naturally-occurring plants in the sun were taller and had longer leaves than did those in the shade during the firs...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Collinge SK,Louda SM

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurements were made of the photosynthetic gas exchange properties and water use efficiency of 19 species of mangrove in 9 estuaries with different salinity and climatic regimes in north eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea. Stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation rates differed significantly between species at ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Clough BF,Sim RG

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasticity of plant traits is commonly quantified by comparing different phenotypes at the same age. In this paper, we present a method in which the effect of resource conditions on plant weight is used as a basis for quantifying the plasticity of individual plant traits. Abutilon theophrasti individuals were grown in...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rice SA,Bazzaz FA

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the physiological, behavioral, and genetic contributions to growth rate, we studied the thermal sensitivity of growth rate in hatchlings of the iguanid lizards Sceloporus occidentalis and S. graciosus in the laboratory. We used a cycling thermal regime patterned after thermal environments found in natur...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sinervo B,Adolph SC

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligia oceanica can change its colour using melanophores, the animal's reflectance varying between about 2 and 10%. Darker individuals heat up more quickly, and to higher body temperatures, than do pale ones. Colour change shows an underlying circadian rhythm, though the pattern of this rhythm varies with temperature, ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Willmer PG,Baylis M,Simpson CL

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the relative ability of multiple factors to explain variation in two interrelated life-history traits, interclutch interval and annual reproductive success, in feral pigeons. Seasonal influences, brood size, and female body mass and tarsus length explained significant amounts of variation in interclutch in...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Johnson SG,Johnston RF

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emergence and survival of honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa var.glandulosa Torr.) seedlings was quantified on sites with contrasting grazing histories: long-term continuous grazing (LTG) and long-term protection (LTP) from grazing by cattle. On each site, different levels of heroaceous defoliation were imposed at mo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Brown JR,Archer S

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied behavioral mechanisms underlying the spatial distribution of Euphydryas anicia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) females searching for larval host plants on a flat plain in Colorado. The rate of female movement, as represented by an empirically estimated diffusion coefficient, is affected by two factors. First, wh...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Odendaal FJ,Turchin P,Stermitz FR

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transplants of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were grown isolated from each other and in pairs placed at different distances apart. The paired plants developed asymmetrically and at the interface between paired clones both the density of nodes and of stolons appeared to reach ceiling values that were of the same o...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Solangaarachchi SM,Harper JL

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leaf turnover and aboveground productivity in relation to nutrient availability were studied in the evergreen shrubs Erica tetralix and Calluna vulgaris. In monospecific stands of these species four levels of nutrient (NPK) availability were created during three growing seasons. Percentage survival and life expectancy...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Aerts R

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During extensive field surveys in central and eastern Europe, 21 herbivorous root insect species were found on Centaurea maculosa ssp. rhenana Boreau, 12 species on C. diffusa Lam. and 11 species on C. vallesiaca Jordan, representing 12 families in 4 orders. The large geographic distribution (species-area function), t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Müller H

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a survey of 28 plant species of 6 major growth forms from Alaskan tundra, we found no consistent difference among growth forms in the chemical nature of stored reserves except for lichens and mosses (which stored C primarily as polysaccharides) and shrubs (which tended to store C more as sugars than as polysacchari...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Chapin FS 3rd,Shaver GR

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00